Release Notes for openSUSE/Leap 15.4 — Chinese (China) (zh_CN) @ openSUSE Weblate: Some packages modify the contents of <filename>/var</filename> or <filename>/srv</filename> in …

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	lukas.kucharczyk@suse.com	lukas.kucharczyk@suse.com
	This is the initial version of the release notes for the forthcoming openSUSE Leap 15.4.	这是即将发行的 openSUSE Leap 15.4 的初版发行说明。
	The release notes are under constant development. To find out about the latest updates, see the online version at <link xlink:href="https://doc.opensuse.org/release-notes"/>. The English release notes are updated whenever need arises. Translated language versions can temporarily be incomplete.	发行说明还在不断地扩充中。要找到最近的更新，请查看在线版本 <link xlink:href="https://doc.opensuse.org/release-notes"/>。英文版本的说明会随时更新。翻译版本可能暂时不完整。
	The end of the maintenance period for openSUSE Leap 15.4 is now reached. To keep your systems up-to-date and secure, upgrade to a current openSUSE version. Before starting the upgrade, make sure that all maintenance updates for openSUSE Leap 15.4 are applied.	openSUSE Leap 15.4 的维护期已经结束。为了保持你的系统最新且安全，请升级到目前的 openSUSE 版本。在开始升级之前，确保已应用所有 openSUSE Leap 15.4 维护更新。
	For more information about upgrading to a current openSUSE version, see <link xlink:href="https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:System_upgrade"/>.	了解更多有关如何升级到当前的 openSUSE 版本，请见 <link xlink:href="https://zh.opensuse.org/SDB:系统升级"/>。
	If you upgrade from an older version to this openSUSE Leap release, see previous release notes listed here: <link xlink:href="https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Release_Notes"/>.	如果你从一个旧的版本升级到 openSUSE Leap，请见先前版本的发行说明：<link xlink:href="https://zh.opensuse.org/openSUSE:发行说明"/>。
	<phrase condition="beta">This public beta test is part of the openSUSE project.</phrase> Information about the project is available at <link xlink:href="https://www.opensuse.org"/>.	<phrase condition="beta">本次公测的 beta 版本为 openSUSE 项目的一部分。</phrase>有关 openSUSE 项目的信息请参考：<link xlink:href="https://www.opensuse.org"/>。
	Report all bugs you encounter using this prerelease of openSUSE Leap 15.4 in the openSUSE Bugzilla. For more information, see <link xlink:href="https://en.opensuse.org/Submitting_Bug_Reports"/>. If you would like to see anything added to the release notes, file a bug report against the component <quote>Release Notes</quote>.	在使用 openSUSE Leap 15.4 的预览版时，请向 openSUSE Bugzilla 报告您所遇到的问题。更多信息，请参见 <link xlink:href="https://zh.opensuse.org/openSUSE:提交错误报告"/>。如果您希望向发行说明中添加新的内容，请针对<quote>发行说明</quote>组件提交一个错误报告。
	To report bugs against this release, use the openSUSE Bugzilla. For more information, see <link xlink:href="https://en.opensuse.org/Submitting_Bug_Reports"/>.	要提交此发布版本的错误报告，请使用 openSUSE Bugzilla。详情请见 <link xlink:href="https://zh.opensuse.org/openSUSE:提交错误报告"/>。
	Major new features of openSUSE Leap 15.4 are also listed at <link xlink:href="https://en.opensuse.org/Features_15.4"/>.	openSUSE Leap 15.4 的主要新特性也列在 <link xlink:href="https://zh.opensuse.org/Features_15.4"/>。
	Installation	安装
	This section contains installation-related notes. For detailed installation instructions, see the documentation at <link xlink:href="https://doc.opensuse.org/documentation/leap/startup/html/book.opensuse.startup/part-basics.html"/>.	此章节为关于安装过程的描述。详细的安装指引请参考文档 <link xlink:href="https://doc.opensuse.org/documentation/leap/startup/html/book.opensuse.startup/part-basics.html"/>。
	Using Atomic Updates With the System Role <emphasis>Transactional Server</emphasis>	使用系统角色<emphasis>事务服务器</emphasis>所带来的原子更新
	The installer supports the system role <emphasis>Transactional Server</emphasis>. This system role features an update system that applies updates atomically (as a single operation) and makes them easy to revert should that become necessary. These features are based on the package management tools that all other SUSE and openSUSE distributions also rely on. This means that the vast majority of RPM packages that work with other system roles of openSUSE Leap 15.4 also work with the system role <emphasis>Transactional Server</emphasis>.	安装程序支持系统角色<emphasis>事务服务器</emphasis>。此系统角色的特色在于更新系统的时候以原子方式（以单个操作）自动应用更新，而且如有需要可以很轻松地还原这些更新。这些功能基于所有其他 SUSE 和 openSUSE 发行版一同依赖的包管理工具。这就意味着，openSUSE Leap 15.4 其他系统角色上能工作的绝大多数 RPM 软件包，也能够在系统角色<emphasis>事务服务器</emphasis>上工作。
	Incompatible Packages	不兼容的软件包
	Some packages modify the contents of <filename>/var</filename> or <filename>/srv</filename> in their RPM <literal>%post</literal> scripts. These packages are incompatible. If you find such a package, file a bug report.	有些软件包在它们的 RPM <literal>%post</literal> 脚本中修改了 <filename>/var</filename> 或 <filename>/srv</filename> 里的内容，这些软件包都是不兼容的。若您发现了这种软件包，请提交故障报告。
	To provide these features, this update system relies on:	要提供这些功能，此更新系统依赖于：
	Btrfs snapshots	Btrfs 快照
	Before a system update is started, a new Btrfs snapshot of the root file system is created. Then, all the changes from the update are installed into that Btrfs snapshot. To complete the update, you can then restart the system into the new snapshot.	在系统更新开始之前，将会生成根文件系统的一个新的 Btrfs 快照。然后所有来自该更新的更改都会被安装到新创建的 Btrfs 快照中。要完成更新，您可以重新启动系统以使用该快照。
	To revert the update, simply boot from the previous snapshot instead.	要撤销更新，只要从前一个快照重新启动系统即可。
	A read-only root file system	只读根文件系统
	To avoid issues with and data loss because of updates, the root file system must not be written to otherwise. Therefore, the root file system is mounted read-only during normal operation.	为了避免因更新带来的数据丢失问题，根文件系统必须不能写入。因此，根文件系统在通常操作时以只读挂载。
	To make this setup work, two additional changes to the file system needed to be made: To allow writing user configuration in <filename>/etc</filename>, this directory is automatically configured to use OverlayFS. <filename>/var</filename> is now a separate subvolume which can be written to by processes.	要让此安装设置工作，需要对文件系统做两个额外的更改：要允许写入 <filename>/etc</filename> 里的用户配置，此目录自动配置为使用 OverlayFS。<filename>/var</filename> 现在是独立的子卷，可以被进程写入。
	<emphasis>Transactional Server</emphasis> Needs At Least 12 GB of Disk Space	<emphasis>事务服务器</emphasis>需要至少 12 GB 的磁盘空间
	The system role <emphasis>Transactional Server</emphasis> needs a disk size of at least 12 GB to accommodate Btrfs snapshots.	系统角色<emphasis>事务服务器</emphasis>需要至少 12 GB 的磁盘大小来容纳 Btrfs 快照。
	YaST Does Not Work Transactional Mode	YaST 不能在事务模式下使用
	Currently, YaST does not work with transactional updates. This is because YaST performs things immediately and because it cannot edit a read-only filesystem.	当前，YaST 不适用于事务更新。这是因为 YaST 是即时执行操作的，并且它也无法编辑只读文件系统。
	To work with transactional updates, always use the command <command>transactional-update</command> instead of YaST and Zypper for all software management:	要使用事务更新，软件的全部管理要始终使用命令 <command>transactional-update</command> 来代替 YaST 和 Zypper：
	Update the system: <command>transactional-update up</command>	更新系统：<command>transactional-update up</command>
	Install a package: <command>transactional-update pkg in <replaceable>PACKAGE_NAME</replaceable></command>	安装软件包：<command>transactional-update pkg in <replaceable>软件包名称</replaceable></command>
	Remove a package: <command>transactional-update pkg rm <replaceable>PACKAGE_NAME</replaceable></command>	移除软件包：<command>transactional-update pkg rm <replaceable>软件包名称</replaceable></command>

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