Release Notes for openSUSE/Leap 15.3 — Chinese (China) (zh_CN) @ openSUSE Weblate: Some packages modify the contents of <filename>/var</filename> or <filename>/srv</filename> in …

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	If you upgrade from an older version to this openSUSE Leap release, see previous release notes listed here: <link xlink:href="https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Release_Notes"/>.	如果你从一个旧的版本升级到 openSUSE Leap，请见先前版本的发行说明：<link xlink:href="https://zh.opensuse.org/openSUSE:发行说明"/>。
	<phrase condition="beta">This public beta test is part of the openSUSE project.</phrase> Information about the project is available at <link xlink:href="https://www.opensuse.org"/>.	<phrase condition="beta">本次公测的 beta 版本为 openSUSE 项目的一部分。</phrase>有关 openSUSE 项目的信息请参考：<link xlink:href="https://www.opensuse.org"/>。
	Report all bugs you encounter using this prerelease of openSUSE Leap 15.3 in the openSUSE Bugzilla. For more information, see <link xlink:href="https://en.opensuse.org/Submitting_Bug_Reports"/>. If you would like to see anything added to the release notes, file a bug report against the component <quote>Release Notes</quote>.	在使用 openSUSE Leap 15.3 的预览版时，请向 openSUSE Bugzilla 报告您所遇到的问题。更多信息，请参见 <link xlink:href="https://zh.opensuse.org/openSUSE:提交错误报告"/>。如果您希望向发行说明中添加新的内容，请针对<quote>发行说明</quote>组件提交一个错误报告。
	To report bugs against this release, use the openSUSE Bugzilla. For more information, see <link xlink:href="https://en.opensuse.org/Submitting_Bug_Reports"/>.	要提交此发布版本的错误报告，请使用 openSUSE Bugzilla。详情请见 <link xlink:href="https://zh.opensuse.org/openSUSE:提交错误报告"/>。
	Major new features of openSUSE Leap 15.3 are also listed at <link xlink:href="https://en.opensuse.org/Features_15.3"/>.	openSUSE Leap 15.3 的主要新特性也列在 <link xlink:href="https://en.opensuse.org/Features_15.3"/>。
	Installation	安装
	This section contains installation-related notes. For detailed installation instructions, see the documentation at <link xlink:href="https://doc.opensuse.org/documentation/leap/startup/html/book-startup/part-basics.html"/>.	此章节为关于安装过程的描述。详细的安装指引请参考文档 <link xlink:href="https://doc.opensuse.org/documentation/leap/startup/html/book-startup/part-basics.html"/>。
	openSUSE Leap now has three update repositories	openSUSE Leap 现在有三个更新仓库
	The openSUSE Leap 15.3 maintenance setup consists of three main update repositories. These are: <literal>repo-update</literal>, <literal>repo-backports-update</literal>, and <literal>repo-sle-update</literal>. The latter two are new and are a result of re-using binaries from SUSE Linux Enterprise. These repositories are available and checked during the online installation of openSUSE Leap. We recommend you to use them. New update repository definitions for openSUSE Leap 15.3 will be additionally supplied via a 0day maintenance update of the <package>openSUSE-release</package> package. The update will be delivered via the traditional <literal>repo-update</literal> maintenance channel. It will carry a special update flag that means it touches the software management area which is then specially handled by zypper. You should double-check using the <command>zypper up</command> command whether all updates were processed. For more information, see <link xlink:href="https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1186593"/>.	openSUSE 15.3 维护安装包含三个主要的更新仓库。分别是： <literal>repo-update</literal>、<literal>repo-backports-update</literal> 和 <literal>repo-sle-update</literal>。后两个是新增的，这是重用 SUSE Linux Enterprise 二进制程序的成果。这些仓库在在线安装 openSUSE Leap 时进行使用和检查。我们建议你使用它们。为 openSUSE Leap 15.3 定制的新更新仓库将通过 <package>openSUSE-release</package> 的零日维护更新另外提供。更新则通过传统的 <literal>repo-update</literal> 维护通道来投送。它将携带特殊的更新标识，表示它与软件管理区域相关并由 zypper 进行特殊处理。你应该仔细检查使用<command>zypper up</command> 命令时是否处理了全部更新。更多信息请参阅 <link xlink:href="https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1186593"/>。
	The <literal>repo-update</literal> repository is for openSUSE Leap (OSS) updates. It is the smallest one and contains system configuration packages, including release package, branding, and potential forks of SUSE Linux Enterprise packages. This repository has also a <literal>debug-info</literal> variant.	<literal>repo-update</literal> 仓库用于 openSUSE Leap（开源软件）的更新。它是最小的仓库并且包含系统配置包，包括发行、品牌化相关的软件包和可能会有的 SUSE Linux Enterprise 软件包分支。此仓库也有一个 <literal>debug-info</literal> 的对应仓库。
	The <literal>repo-backports-update</literal> repository is an update repository for openSUSE Backports that contains updates for the majority of openSUSE Leap packages. This repository also has a <literal>debug-info</literal> variant.	<literal>repo-backports-update</literal> 仓库是用于 openSUSE 后向移植的更新仓库，包含主要 openSUSE Leap 软件包的更新。此仓库也有一个 <literal>debug-info</literal> 的对应仓库。
	The third repository, named <literal>repo-sle-update</literal>, is an update repository that contains combined updates from all active SUSE Linux Enterprise update streams. This repository is without the <literal>debug-info</literal> variant.	第三个仓库，名为 <literal>repo-sle-update</literal>，是个更新仓库，包含来自所有活动的 SUSE Linux Enterprise 更新流的合并更新。此仓库没有对应 <literal>debug-info</literal> 的仓库。
	Using atomic updates with the system role <emphasis>Transactional Server</emphasis>	使用系统角色<emphasis>事务服务器</emphasis>所带来的原子更新
	The installer supports the system role <emphasis>Transactional Server</emphasis>. This system role features an update system that applies updates atomically (as a single operation) and makes them easy to revert should that become necessary. These features are based on the package management tools that all other SUSE and openSUSE distributions also rely on. This means that the vast majority of RPM packages that work with other system roles of openSUSE Leap 15.3 also work with the system role <emphasis>Transactional Server</emphasis>.	安装程序支持系统角色<emphasis>事务服务器</emphasis>。此系统角色的特色在于更新系统的时候以原子方式（以单个操作）自动应用更新，而且如有需要可以很轻松地还原这些更新。这些功能基于所有其他 SUSE 和 openSUSE 发行版一同依赖的包管理工具。这就意味着，openSUSE Leap 15.3 其他系统角色上能工作的绝大多数 RPM 软件包，也能够在系统角色<emphasis>事务服务器</emphasis>上工作。
	Incompatible packages	不兼容的软件包
	Some packages modify the contents of <filename>/var</filename> or <filename>/srv</filename> in their RPM <literal>%post</literal> scripts. These packages are incompatible. If you find such a package, file a bug report.	有些软件包在它们的 RPM <literal>%post</literal> 脚本中修改了 <filename>/var</filename> 或 <filename>/srv</filename> 里的内容，这些软件包都是不兼容的。若您发现了这种软件包，请提交故障报告。
	To provide these features, this update system relies on:	要提供这些功能，此更新系统依赖于：
	Btrfs snapshots	Btrfs 快照
	Before a system update is started, a new Btrfs snapshot of the root file system is created. Then, all the changes from the update are installed into that Btrfs snapshot. To complete the update, you can then restart the system into the new snapshot.	在系统更新开始之前，将会生成根文件系统的一个新的 Btrfs 快照。然后所有来自该更新的更改都会被安装到新创建的 Btrfs 快照中。要完成更新，您可以重新启动系统以使用该快照。
	To revert the update, simply boot from the previous snapshot instead.	要撤销更新，只要从前一个快照重新启动系统即可。
	A read-only root file system	只读根文件系统
	To avoid issues with and data loss because of updates, the root file system must not be written to otherwise. Therefore, the root file system is mounted read-only during normal operation.	为了避免因更新带来的数据丢失问题，根文件系统必须不能写入。因此，根文件系统在通常操作时以只读挂载。
	To make this setup work, two additional changes to the file system needed to be made: To allow writing user configuration in <filename>/etc</filename>, this directory is automatically configured to use OverlayFS. <filename>/var</filename> is now a separate subvolume which can be written to by processes.	要让此安装设置工作，需要对文件系统做两个额外的更改：要允许写入 <filename>/etc</filename> 里的用户配置，此目录自动配置为使用 OverlayFS。<filename>/var</filename> 现在是独立的子卷，可以被进程写入。
	<emphasis>Transactional Server</emphasis> needs at least 12 GB of disk space	<emphasis>事务服务器</emphasis>需要至少 12 GB 的磁盘空间
	The system role <emphasis>Transactional Server</emphasis> needs a disk size of at least 12 GB to accommodate Btrfs snapshots.	系统角色<emphasis>事务服务器</emphasis>需要至少 12 GB 的磁盘大小来容纳 Btrfs 快照。
	YaST Does Not Work Transactional Mode	YaST 不能在事务模式下使用
	Currently, YaST does not work with transactional updates. This is because YaST performs things immediately and because it cannot edit a read-only filesystem.	当前，YaST 不适用于事务更新。这是因为 YaST 是即时执行操作的，并且它也无法编辑只读文件系统。
	To work with transactional updates, always use the command <command>transactional-update</command> instead of YaST and Zypper for all software management:	要使用事务更新，软件的全部管理要始终使用命令 <command>transactional-update</command> 来代替 YaST 和 Zypper：
	Update the system: <command>transactional-update up</command>	更新系统：<command>transactional-update up</command>
	Install a package: <command>transactional-update pkg in <replaceable>PACKAGE_NAME</replaceable></command>	安装软件包：<command>transactional-update pkg in <replaceable>软件包名称</replaceable></command>
	Remove a package: <command>transactional-update pkg rm <replaceable>PACKAGE_NAME</replaceable></command>	移除软件包：<command>transactional-update pkg rm <replaceable>软件包名称</replaceable></command>

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